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Remembering Sandra Blow; a Pioneer of Abstraction

By Lauren Slater 
 
Not only a pioneer of Abstraction, Sandra Blow’s role in the British art scene was also fundamental in shifting the position of female artists during the 1950s, in which she broke down the male hierarchical structure that dominated the art scene. Blow’s experimental technique, that incorporated a plethora of cheap and discarded materials already set her out considerably against her other female contemporaries.
Throughout Blow’s career her work and technique adapted to the changing climate within which she was working. In the 1960s, one can see a shift in her colour palette, as a direct result of a move towards more optimism within Britain. Produced in 1955, Blow’s piece Composition supports this notion. The canvas is dominated by an earthly colour palette of brown, black, red and sand, which emits Cold War sentiments, that were taking place between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. The thick paint strokes and dullness of the brown and black, give the canvas a dense feel, like a significant weight being forced down. This is reminiscent of the Cold War in which the two ultra powers of the Soviet Union and the USA, employed measures such as psychological warfare, espionage, and extensive propaganda campaigns. The act of espionage, which infiltrates all aspects of society, is omnipotent and omniscient in nature. Blow’s canvas reflects this in which the brown, black and red are overbearing. The small section of white canvas, suggests a glimmer of hope against a backdrop of political force.  
  In direct contrast, Blow’s Untitled (1969) gouache is illustrative of a shift in thinking, more attuned with the coined term the ‘Swinging Sixties’. An immediate difference is seen between the textures employed in the two works, Composition utilised oil on canvas, whereas in Untitled Blow opted for the more transparent choice of gouache. The lightness of gouache gives the paint strokes greater freedom and self-autonomy. Such a liberation of Blow’s canvas mirrors the cultural revolution of the Swinging Sixties, in which art, music and fashion took precedence. Even Blow’s chosen colour palette is emblematic of the movement, in which orange displays joy, whilst yellow symbolises hope and happiness. These attitudes are commonly associated with the 60s, free from post-war constraints and liberated into an economic boom.

After leaving school aged 15, and enrolling at St Martin’s School of Art in 1940, Blow came under the patronage of influential male artists including Ruskin Spear, Carel Weight and Robert Buhler. The male tutelage that Blow experienced would continue to foster itself within her career as demonstrated when, she moved to Italy in 1947 post World War II, and encountered Alberto Burri, an Italian master of “art informel”. Despite a brief relationship with Burri, Blow moved back to England, where she began to artistically promote herself, and establish a gestural style. In the midst of this Blow, alongside artists such as Denis Bowen, Gillian Ayre, and Roger Hilton, would be at the forefront of the abstract art movement in Britain, challenging the pre-existing guidelines, and prejudice within the art world. Ultimately however, the turning point in Blow’s career came with the first sale of her work to the highly-influential Roland Penrose; artist, historian, poet and art collector. From this Blow would regularly exhibit work with the renowned Gimpel Fils art gallery, leading to close association with the St. Ives network of artists, including Barbara Hepworth and Ben Nicholson. Upon taking up a teaching post at the Royal College of Art in 1961, where for the ensuing 14 years, she would continue to teach and inspire, Blow came into contact with David Hockney, R.B. Kitaj, and Patrick Caulfield, all of whom were students at the time. Representative of Blow’s success was the fact that despite being in a clearly male-dominated industry, Blow was not only able to infiltrate it and survive within it, but was also to become one of the original female innovators of free and informal painting.

As an artist, Blow experimented vastly throughout her career from her oils on canvas, to gouache, and through to silkscreen limited edition prints. Her work often vibrant in its colour palette reflects the cultural revolution that was beginning to take residency in the 1960s. Her continuation of such techniques, and colour palette show how this move towards greater freedoms continued to manifest itself right through into the 2000s. The small scale explorative abstract studies produced by Blow, whilst in her studio by Porthmeor Beach, are an interesting insight into the artist’s mind. Despite seeming to stand alone, due to their evolving colour palettes, the works can be seen as one whole series that demonstrates the true and simple beauty of abstraction. The use of found and discarded materials throughout her works, even in the smaller more explorative studies, display an artist that works completely free of constraints. Blow came a long way in her career in which the challenges she faced, and continued to rise up against, would become one of the ultimate breakthroughs for females within the British art scene. The vivacity of her works are symbolic of her as an artist; bold and joyful.

 

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